If made of FR-4 material, PCBs can withstand temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius. However, care should be taken when using currents that exceed this limit. In addition, the temperature range of different materials on the PCB material is also important.
Smt factories should consider the glass transition temperature (Tg) value when selecting PCB materials. This value is the PCB temperature at which the material changes from solid to liquid. If smt processing exceeds this temperature, the material will no longer be able to function. Most standard PCBS are made of materials with TG values of 140 degrees Celsius or higher, and can withstand a maximum operating temperature of 110 degrees Celsius. However, higher Tg value PCBS may be more suitable for specific applications.
FR4 material is not suitable for equipment exposed to high temperatures. For example, many types of FR4 materials do not support lead-free welding. Lead-free welding requires temperatures above 250 degrees Celsius, which is much higher than many FR4 versions of Tg. Also, the thinner material is not suitable for the board with grooves. However, high performance FR4 laminates can be used. The material is more durable and has better thermal properties than standard FR4, while maintaining manufacturability.
Typical FR4 PCBS in smt patch processing can operate at temperatures of around -50 degrees Celsius. However, the material will produce brittle cracks and stress PCB at this temperature. Therefore, it's best not to let FR4 PCBS get any colder than that. But PCBS that help the aerospace sector can withstand minus 150 degrees Celsius.
Tg value is also an important factor to consider. High Tg material can improve the heat and chemical resistance of FR4 PCB. In addition, higher Tg values will increase the stability of PCB size.
The glass transition temperature (Tg) is a key polymer characteristic in smt factories. This glass transition temperature (Tg) marks the point at which the polymer changes from a rigid to a softer state. In most cases, temperatures below this range require the use of thermoplastics, while we use elastomers above this range.
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